SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS AND TYPIFICATION OF THE COW-CALF AND DUAL PURPOSE SYSTEMS IN GUALACA, PANAMA
Abstract
The aims of this study were to present a proposal as a tool for social sustainability evaluation, identify variables of the social sustainability, typify and characterize farms of the cow-calf system (SVT) and dual-purpose system (SDP) in Gualaca, Chiriquí. It was selected seven SVT and six SDP farms. A structured survey was applied based on Rios (2010) methodology. There were considered 24 variables (Xi) and conformed 12 determinant variables (VISSi) from social sustainability indexes (Kindi). Selected variables VISSi showed CV>25%. Values (VAi) were assigned to each Xi using Likert scales. With VISSi, social sustainability indexes were calculated, Cindi for SVT and Lindi for SDP and General (VistC and VistL, respectively). Related VISSi were analyzed by multivariate analysis as principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Cindi and Lindi were submitted to an analysis of variance. Four and three factors were identified for SVT and SDP, respectively. Cluster analysis grouped farms in three groups in both systems. Range of Cindi was 0,000 to 0,250 in SVT farms and 0,000 to 0,222 in Lindi of SDP farms. Higher value for VistC was 0,894 (Farm8) and in VistL was 0,817 (Farm3). Analysis of Variance showed P<0,05 among groups of farms in Cind7, Cind11 and VistC, but in SDP it was in Lind8 and Lind11. These indexes are the first-one generated in Panamá and differed from the proposed by Ríos, 2010.
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References
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