RUMINANTS PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN MEXICO

Abstract

Some characteristics of the intensive and extensive systems of meat production with ruminants (cattle, goats, and sheep), as well as the biological and economic characteristics and benefits of the systems were analyzed. In Mexico, five large agroecological regions can be found, highlighting by its covering area respectively: the arid-semi-arid, temperate and dry-humid tropic zones, with 49,1%, 23,2% and 27,7%. This last area has the possibility to increase significantly the production of foods of animal origin, due to the availability of resources such as soil, water, fodder, low-cost by-products, and the existing animal population. In addition, the cost of production is lower compared to intensive milk and meat production systems in other areas of Mexico. However, several challenges must be tackled: lack of technology, improved production levels, improved nutrition, and reproductive management of ruminants. In addition, to favor that the Government Programs become used for the refinancing of technologies and consumer goods. Seeking harmony between livestock genetic resources, food and the ecological environment. In addition, there is evidence of reluctance to structural changes in the management of production unit that influence to define a new scheme for meat production, although milk production represents a significant source of income.